Holography is a method that allows reconstruction of whole optical wave fields. Types of holograms a hologram is a recording in a two or threedimensional medium of the interference pattern formed when a point source of light the reference beam of fixed wavelength encounters light of the same fixed wavelength arriving from an object the object beam. Wave 3 photography 4 holography 4 interference and diffraction 6 interference during recording 6 diffraction during reconstruction 7 history of holography 7 problems 7 2. Hologram recording materials 140 chapter 3 the main applications of holography 161 3. Holography is an advanced form of photography that allows an image to be recorded in three dimensions. Several methods have been proposed, so far, to filter. The name for the technique that was developed comes from the greek word holos, meaning whole, and gramma, meaning message. Whenever required the object can be viewed by illuminating the hologram as shown in the figure below 2. Digital recording and numerical reconstruction of holograms. Proposal for underwater structural analysis using the. In holographic reconstruction, speckle noise is a serious factor that may degrade the image quality greatly. Digital inline holography with numerical reconstruction. Microwave holography infrared holography ultraviolet holography xrayholography electron holography acoustic holography lightinflightholography polarization holography conoscopic holography pseudodeep holograms digital holography conclusion references appendix 1 the mathematical background to holography formation of a hologram reconstruction.
Medical holography market to incur rapid extension during 20192030 medical holography market global industry analysis, size, share, growth, trends, and forecast, 20192030. These features include an improved focal depth, possibility to generate 3d images, and phase contrast images, one popular version of the experimental setup in digital holography is the digital fresnel holography, which uses quasiparallel beans to record with a. Properties of a hologram 58 chapter 2 holographic experiments 73 2. The advantages and limitations of common wave propagation methods are discussed. Gabor and invention of principles of optical holography. The reconstruction of the object field encoded within the hologram is based on the principle of light diffraction. The application of a raytracing methodology to holography is presented. The experimental and numerical procedures have been incorporated into a program package with a very fast reconstruction algorithm that is now capable of.
Optimized image reconstruction in digital holography. The light coming from the object under test and a reference wave interfere in the hologram plane. Take one of the transmission holograms from the container and mount it in the clampring stand assembly. In conventional photography, a negative is made first and using it a positive print is produced later. May 04, 1993 the present invention relates to hologram construction and more particularly to a method and apparatus for constructing holograms and holograms made by use of such method and apparatus.
Optical scanning holography osh 1 has the benefit of recording the entire threedimensional 3d volume of a specimen in the form of a two dimensional 2d hologram. Proposal for underwater structural analysis using the techniques of espi and digital holography. It highlights the importance and need of this technology and how it represents the new wave in the future of technology and communications, the different application. Unlike ordinary photographs, holograms record both phase and amplitude information. Holography can be thought of as somewhat similar to sound recording, whereby a sound field created by vibrating matter like musical.
Osa computerbased analysis of holography using ray tracing. Basic principles and applications of holography spie. This paper discusses the reconstruction of sectional images from a hologram generated by optical scanning holography. Holography 1 holography introduction and background the aesthetic appeal and commercial usefulness of holography are both related to the ability of a hologram to store a threedimensional image. Based on phaseshifting interferometry 31, 32, only the objectwave information is extracted with multiple phaseshifted holograms. The aesthetic appeal and commercial usefulness of holography are both related to the. Holography is a technique that enables a light field which is generally the result of a light source scattered off objects to be recorded and later reconstructed when the original light field is no longer present, due to the absence of the original objects. Gabor in 1948, it initially aimed at solving the resolution problem of electron microscope with coaxial holography inline hologram. In order to recover the amplitude and the relative phase shift of the electron wave function, one of the two sidebands is digitally. Figure 1b shows multiple holograms with different phases sequentially recorded with a phase modulator, such as a piezodriven mirror, an slm, an acoustooptic modulator, or an electrooptic modulator. The principle of recording and reconstruction of holograms is shown in fig. First, digital holography can dramatically simplify the. The advantage of using a modelbased approach is that each trial.
History of holography invented in 1948 by dennis gabor for use in electron microscopy, before the invention of the laser leith and upatnieks 1962 applied laser light to holography and introduced an important offaxis technique. Optics for reflection holographic stereogram systems core. Construction and reconstruction of image on hologram, reconstruction of image on hologram, hologram duration. Holography a practical approach g pdf free download. Re construction of inline digital holograms from two intensity measurem ents. Creating your own illusion lab manual sarah honorowski 01, shialing kwa 01 and shane smith 02 purpose. Holography can be thought of as somewhat similar to sound recording, whereby a sound. Holography 1 holography introduction and background the. It is anticipated to grow at a double digit cagr from 2019 to 2030. The object is stored in the hologram in the form of interference pattern. In a known conventional method of transmission hologram construction a single beam of radiation emanating from a single beam source usually a laser is split. Pdf holographic reconstruction by compressive sensing. Nonlinear metamaterials for holography nature communications. Recording and reconstruction of holograms 2 22603 phywe series of publications laboratory experiments physics phywe systeme gmbh 37070 gottingen, germany transmission hologram perform the experimental setup according to fig.
Comparative study of digital holography reconstruction methods. Making holograms the easy way by fred unterseher, jeannene hansen and bob schlesinger, is rich in detail about how to produce all kinds of hologram on a limited budget. During the recording of the hologram the wave diffracted by the object and the reference wave are recombined on the same side of the photosensitive plate. Holography was invented many decades ago 1,2 and was rapidly recognized as an effective means for storing and reconstructing images. A typical holographic recording and reconstruction setup considered for explaining the theoretical foundations of holography is shown in figure 2. In this paper, a digital hologram reconstruction process is investigated. Understand that making a hologram requires the recording of interference patterns between light. The first step in understanding holographic memory is to understand what holographic means. Turn and rotate the hologram to get maximum brightness. Because phase is a relative property, construction of a. A laser beam identical to the reference beam is used for reconstruction of the object.
Holographic versatile disc pdf ppt download abstract. During reconstruction, depending on the orientation of the. The first part deals with optical foundations and the theory of holography. Transmission holography is the most widespread type. Development of digital holography opened new ways of both transparent and opaque objects nondestructive study.
Pdf 3d volume reconstruction technology is the new sign of future technology. The necessary equations are established from the construction and reconstruction parameters of the hologram. This framework is much more flexible than existing work, in the sense that it can handle objects with multiple sections. The discussion in this chapter will also make clear the need for a cylindrical shaped hologram, and explain its advantages and disadvantages. New holography technology all ppt linkedin slideshare. Fundamental ideas about optical fiber, propagation mechanism, acceptance angle and cone, numerical aperture, single and multi mode fibers holography. First, digital holography can dramatically simplify the whole reconstruction process, since the. Reconstruction of the original volume can be accomplished by applying digital reconstruction or decoding techniques. In zhao 2008 recording and reconstruction of a color holographic image by using digital lensless fourier transform holography was demonstrated. This technique achieves 3d reconstruction of objects from a 2d hologramimage and reaches accuracies in the range of or smaller than the wavelength. Library journalthis comprehensive book is a guide for nontechnical people who wish to create their own holograms. Orient the hologram so that the beam covers the entire hologram. Jan 10, 2018 laser, construction and working of ruby, hene lasers and laser applications.
The positive print is only a 2d record of light intensity. Gabor, a new microscopic principle, nature 161, 777778 1948. Holography october, 2006 overview since the last writing 2002, many changes and improvements have been made during the past few years. The technique of holography can also be used to optically store, retrieve, and process information. However, in digital holography the overall achievable resolution in the reconstruction is believed to be limited by the size of the captured digital record 14. At that time, scanning devices that could be used for digitizing. Intrinsic to the principle of holography is that even a fraction of a hologram permits the reconstruction of the entire object 12. Fundamentals of holography, principle of holography. As few restrictions as possible are placed on the recording and reconstruction geometry. This beam is identical to reference beam used in construction of hologram. Just as chemists use sticks and balls to help them visualize the structure of molecules, our model will allow us to visualize, and thus understand, the physical characteristics of holograms without using advanced mathematics.
Osa reconstruction of sectional images in holography. Introduction first experiments in numerical reconstruction of optical holograms date back to 196070th. Digital inline holography with numerical reconstruction has been developed in our group into a tool that. Digital holography has several features that make it an interesting alternative to conventional microscopy. This book presents a selfcontained treatment of the principles and major applications of digital hologram recording and numerical reconstruction digital holography. The reconstruction of a hologram to obtain amplitude and phase information is illustrated in fig. Dec 05, 2017 this is small topic of engineering physics.
Jul 31, 2012 holography fundamental of holography principle of holography. Institute of physics publishing measurement science and technology meas. Pdf in this work, we present the optical recording and reconstruction of dynamic 3d digital holograms using optoelectronic devices. Digital holography using a laser pointer and consumer. We present a mathematical model for the holographic image capture, which facilitates the use of inverse imaging techniques to recover individual sections. To make holography accessible to a general audience with widely varied backgrounds, a physical model is useful. Be sure the beam spreader modified microscope objective is installed. Laser, construction and working of ruby, hene lasers and laser applications.
The principle optical holographic recording is shown in. Principles and techniques of digital holographic microscopy. If the holographic plate is illuminated after its development using the same reference wave used in the recording process, the light will diffract into three orders of diffraction if the diffraction network is sinusoidal. Digital holography and its multidimensional imaging.
Pdf dynamic digital holography for recording and reconstruction. Abstractthis research papers examines the new technology of holographic projections. Numerical reconstruction of digital holograms with. Digital holography needs numerical reconstruction of. Basic principle of holography, construction and reconstruction of image on hologram and. Holography is now offered in both sessions of phys 128ab, allowing more students to perform the lab. Reconstruction enhancements with optical scanning holography. More complete discussions of the theory are in references 1, 2, 3.
To understand the basics of holography through the creation of holograms using the direct beam, offaxis transmission procedure. Emphasis is placed on establishing a very general foundation from which to build a general computerbased implementation. After extraction, a holographic image of an object is obtained. Pdf 3d volume reconstruction using hologram researchgate. The optical design and construction of a reflection holographic stereogram system is herein. A modelbased approach was also recently developed for the reconstruction of magnetization distributions in nanoscale materials that involves the application of an iterative reconstruction algorithm to one or more magnetic phase images recorded using offaxis electron holography.
Holography is a method of recording patterns of lightto produce a threedimensional object. Review of digital holography reconstruction methods. Recording and reconstruction process in holography. Digital holography dh is a 3d imaging technique which has been widely developed during the past few decades thanks to the enormous advances in digital imaging and computer technology. The present invention relates to hologram construction and more particularly to a method and apparatus for constructing holograms and holograms made by use of such method and apparatus.
The optics table has been divided into two partitions which allows a specific setup to remain intact. Recording and reconstruction process in holography winner. Osa reconstruction of sectional images in holography using. Resolution enhancement in digital holography by self. Holography, daylighting, and ir blocking daylighting 268 thermal blocking 269 other applications 270 holography in architecture 271 documentation and visualization 271 embossed holography 271 holography on walls and floors 271 hoe in architectural structures 272 detection of particles 272 recording 272 reconstruction 273 problems 274. The phases of the stored light waves can be calculateddirectly from the digital holograms, without. However, its presence degrades the primary wave and prevents getting a high quality hologram. The difference between holography and photography is best understood by considering what a black and white photograph actually is.
Numerical reconstruction of digital holograms with variable. Compared with conventional methods, digital holography has some obvious advantages. The development of new holography methods made it suitable for new industrial and scientific applications. Holograms can also be created using an expanding laser beam, but the magnification will vary with depth and this must be compensated for in the reconstruction program. Sep 30, 2010 history of holography invented in 1948 by dennis gabor for use in electron microscopy, before the invention of the laser leith and upatnieks 1962 applied laser light to holography and introduced an important offaxis technique. Ppt holography powerpoint presentation free to download. After invention of holography by dennis gabor in 1947 it is widely used in various areas. Digital inline holography with numerical reconstruction has been developed in our group into a tool that routinely achieves both lateral and depth resolution at and below the micron level. Schnars and juptner applied their method to interferome. Reconstruction of image in the reconstruction process, the hologram is illuminated by laser beam and this beam is called reconstruction beam.
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